Which of these factors would decrease the production of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?

Drinking an alcoholic beverage is a significant factor that decreases the production of antidiuretic hormone (ADH). Alcohol has a direct inhibitory effect on the pituitary gland, where ADH is synthesized and released. When alcohol is consumed, it suppresses the secretion of ADH, leading to decreased reabsorption of water in the kidneys. This results in increased urine production and can contribute to dehydration.

In contrast, drinking water generally promotes hydration, signaling the body to reduce ADH production because there is no need to conserve water. Eating high-salt foods increases osmolality in the blood, which often triggers an increase in ADH production to help retain water and dilute the high salt concentration. Exercising can lead to a temporary increase in ADH due to fluid loss through sweat, prompting the body to conserve water.

Thus, alcohol specifically acts to diminish the levels of ADH, which explains why it is the correct choice in relation to this question.