What process occurs in the Bowman's capsule?

The process that occurs in the Bowman's capsule is filtration of blood. The Bowman's capsule is the initial part of the nephron in the kidney, where blood plasma is filtered from the glomerulus into the capsule. This filtration process separates small solutes, such as water, ions, and small molecules, from the blood cells and larger proteins that remain in the bloodstream.

The filtration process is driven by hydrostatic pressure, allowing for the selective passage of substances based on size and charge. This is the first step in forming urine, as the filtrate collected in the Bowman's capsule then moves through the nephron for further processing. This process is crucial for maintaining homeostasis by regulating the composition of body fluids and eliminating waste products.

In contrast, reabsorption of nutrients occurs later in the renal tubules, excretion of urine happens after the filtration and reabsorption processes are completed, and secretion of hormones is not a function associated with the Bowman's capsule, but rather occurs in other parts of the kidney or endocrine systems.