What is the role of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) in the reproductive system?

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) plays a crucial role in the reproductive system by promoting the production of gametes, which are the sperm in males and eggs in females. In females, FSH stimulates the growth and maturation of ovarian follicles, which contain the eggs. It is essential for follicle development, leading to ovulation, but its primary direct role is in the production of eggs. In males, FSH stimulates the Sertoli cells in the testes, which support and promote spermatogenesis, the process of sperm production.

This hormone is a key component in the endocrine regulation of reproduction, working alongside other hormones like luteinizing hormone (LH) and sex steroids to ensure proper reproductive function. While it does influence processes that are connected to ovulation and testosterone production, the primary function remains focused on the stimulation of gamete production, making it a central player in sexual maturation and fertility.