What is the function of a flagellum?

The function of a flagellum is to provide locomotion for the cell. Flagella are long, whip-like structures that protrude from the surface of certain cell types, such as bacteria, sperm cells in animals, and some protists. They are primarily used for movement, allowing the cell to propel itself through liquid environments.

The movement of the flagellum is driven by a motor mechanism at its base, enabling it to rotate and create propulsion. This ability to move is crucial for many organisms, aiding in processes such as finding food, escaping predators, or reaching specific environments necessary for their survival.

In the context of the other functions listed, while cells have various structures and systems for synthesizing proteins, absorbing nutrients, and transporting materials, these are not the roles of the flagellum. Thus, the primary and defining function of a flagellum remains its role in cellular locomotion.