How does a gene differ from a genome?

A gene is a specific segment of DNA that encodes for a particular protein or function, representing the basic unit of heredity. In contrast, a genome encompasses all the genetic material present in an organism, including all of its genes as well as non-coding sequences. This distinction is crucial in genetics, as it highlights the organization of genetic information: genes are the building blocks that contribute to the overall genetic blueprint, which is what the genome represents. Understanding this difference is fundamental for comprehending how traits are inherited and expressed in living organisms.